NEM 3.0 Avoided Cost Matrix • TOU Bucket Netting • Battery Arbitrage ROI

Utility NEM 3.0 & Avoided Cost Tariff Directory

Across California, Texas, Arizona, Georgia, Utah, Illinois, and the Carolinas, utilities have slashed midday solar export credits to 2.5¢–7.5¢/kWh while raising 4 PM–9 PM Peak import rates to 28¢–81¢/kWh. Filter your utility tariff below to see exact hourly export rates and battery self-consumption payback math.

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CA • Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E)Avoided Cost

PG&E NEM 3.0 (Solar Billing Plan) & E-ELEC Rate Matrix Analysis

Complete engineering and financial breakdown of PG&E’s NEM 3.0 Solar Billing Plan and E-ELEC rate schedule: why midday solar exports earn just 2.5¢–4.5¢/kWh while 4 PM–9 PM imports cost up to 64¢/kWh—making a 13.5kWh–28.6kWh LFP battery mandatory.

Peak Import Rate:$0.56 – $0.64 / kWh (Summer Peak 4 PM – 9 PM)

Midday Export Credit:$0.025 – $0.045 / kWh (ACC Avoided Cost Calculator)

Battery Necessity: 92% Mandatory (Solar-only loRate Matrix →

CA • Southern California Edison (SCE)Avoided Cost

Southern California Edison (SCE) NEM 3.0 & TOU-D-PRIME Battery Arbitrage Guide

How Southern California Edison (SCE) homeowners maximize ROI under the Solar Billing Plan (NEM 3.0) using the TOU-D-PRIME rate schedule, 4 PM–9 PM LFP battery self-consumption, and September ACC export arbitrage.

Peak Import Rate:$0.54 – $0.63 / kWh (4 PM – 9 PM Summer Peak)

Midday Export Credit:$0.024 – $0.041 / kWh (Midday ACC Export)

Battery Necessity: 90% Mandatory (TOU-D-PRIME 3Rate Matrix →

CA • San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E)Avoided Cost

SDG&E NEM 3.0 (SBT) Rate Structure & EV-TOU-5 Battery Economics

San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) charges up to 81¢/kWh during Summer Peak while paying under 3¢/kWh for midday solar exports. Here is the exact solar + LFP battery math that yields a 4.1-year payback in San Diego County.

Peak Import Rate:$0.66 – $0.81 / kWh (Summer On-Peak 4 PM – 9 PM)

Midday Export Credit:$0.019 – $0.038 / kWh (Midday ACC Export)

Battery Necessity: 96% Mandatory (Highest retaiRate Matrix →

TX • Oncor Electric Delivery & CenterPoint Energy (ERCOT Retail Electric Providers)Time-Varying

Texas Deregulated Solar Buyback Plans (Oncor & CenterPoint ERCOT Matrix)

In Texas’s deregulated ERCOT market (Dallas/Fort Worth Oncor & Houston CenterPoint), true 1:1 net metering including TDU delivery fees has vanished. Learn how Texas homeowners use LFP batteries to exploit "Free Nights" plans and ERCOT $5.00/kWh wholesale scarcity spikes.

Peak Import Rate:$0.16 – $0.24 / kWh (Energy + ~5.2¢/kWh Oncor/CenterPoint TDU Delivery)

Midday Export Credit:$0.025 – $0.045 / kWh (Real-Time Wholesale LMP) or $0.08 – $0.12 Fixed Credit

Battery Necessity: 88% Mandatory (Avoids 5.2¢/kRate Matrix →

NC • Duke Energy Carolinas & Duke Energy ProgressTime-Varying

Duke Energy Carolinas & Progress "Solar Choice" (bridge/RSC) Tariff Guide

Under NCUC and PSCSC orders, Duke Energy replaced traditional annual 1:1 net metering with the "Residential Solar Choice" (Schedule RSC) tariff featuring TOU import buckets, $22–$28 minimum monthly bills, and 3.4¢/kWh avoided-cost export rates across time buckets.

Peak Import Rate:$0.16 – $0.21 / kWh (Summer On-Peak 6 PM – 9 PM / Winter 6 AM – 9 AM)

Midday Export Credit:$0.034 – $0.048 / kWh (Avoided Cost Export outside Peak)

Battery Necessity: 82% Recommended (Eliminates Rate Matrix →

FL • Florida Power & Light (FPL)True 1:1

Florida Power & Light (FPL) Net Metering Rules, Tier 1 vs Tier 2 & $25 Min Bill

Florida preserved full 1:1 retail net metering (after Governor DeSantis vetoed HB 741), but FPL enforces a $25 minimum monthly bill and a strict 11.76 kW DC (10 kW AC) Tier 1 cap before triggering a $1,000,000 Tier 2 personal liability insurance requirement.

Peak Import Rate:$0.14 – $0.16 / kWh (Above 1,000 kWh/mo Tier)

Midday Export Credit:$0.14 – $0.16 / kWh (Full 1:1 Monthly Retail Rollover)

Battery Necessity: 75% Recommended (For HurricaRate Matrix →

UT • Rocky Mountain Power (PacifiCorp)Avoided Cost

Rocky Mountain Power (Utah) Schedule 137 Export Credit Rate Analysis

Utah’s Rocky Mountain Power closed Schedule 135 (1:1) and Schedule 136, moving all new solar customers onto Schedule 137 where exported solar earns only 4.7¢–5.9¢/kWh while tiered retail imports reach 14.5¢/kWh.

Peak Import Rate:$0.12 – $0.15 / kWh (Tiered Residential Schedule 1)

Midday Export Credit:$0.056 – $0.059 / kWh (Summer) / $0.047 / kWh (Winter Schedule 137)

Battery Necessity: 85% Recommended (Exports earRate Matrix →

GA • Georgia Power (Southern Company)Avoided Cost

Georgia Power RNR Instantaneous vs Monthly Netting Cap & Avoided Cost Guide

Because Georgia Power’s 5,000-customer Monthly Netting pilot cap filled up immediately, new Georgia solar homeowners are placed on Instantaneous Netting—where every kWh that touches the grid earns only ~6.8¢/kWh avoided cost while retail imports cost 16¢–29¢/kWh.

Peak Import Rate:$0.16 – $0.29 / kWh (Summer Tier 3 or Smart Usage Peak)

Midday Export Credit:$0.066 – $0.074 / kWh (Solar Avoided Cost Rate once 5,000-customer cap is full)

Battery Necessity: 94% Mandatory (InstantaneousRate Matrix →

AZ • Arizona Public Service (APS)Avoided Cost

APS Arizona Resource Comparison Proxy (RCP) Export Rate & TOU Demand Guide

Arizona Public Service (APS) steps down its Resource Comparison Proxy (RCP) solar export rate by 10% every year (now ~6.85¢/kWh) while charging 34¢/kWh—or $19.90/kW demand fees—between 4 PM and 7 PM when Phoenix air conditioners run hardest.

Peak Import Rate:$0.34 – $0.36 / kWh (4 PM – 7 PM Weekday On-Peak) OR $19.90/kW Demand (R-2)

Midday Export Credit:$0.0685 / kWh (Current RCP Export Tier — Drops up to 10% annually)

Battery Necessity: 91% Mandatory (4 PM–7 PM PeaRate Matrix →

MA • National Grid & Eversource Energy (Massachusetts)True 1:1

National Grid & Eversource Massachusetts SMART Program & ConnectedSolutions Guide

Massachusetts combines 31¢–36¢/kWh retail net metering (up to 10 kW AC single-phase) with the nation’s most lucrative battery VPP: ConnectedSolutions pays $275 per kW of average summer battery dispatch ($1,375 to $2,750/year in cash) plus 0% APR Mass Save financing.

Peak Import Rate:$0.31 – $0.36 / kWh (Supply + Delivery Combined)

Midday Export Credit:$0.31 – $0.36 / kWh (Under 10kW AC Single-Phase Cap; 60% Market Net Metering over 10kW AC)

Battery Necessity: 89% Recommended (Unlocks $1,Rate Matrix →

NY • Consolidated Edison (ConEd) & NY State UtilitiesTrue 1:1

Con Edison (NY) Phase One NEM, CBC Charge & VDER Value Stack Guide

How Con Edison and New York utilities calculate the monthly Customer Benefit Contribution (CBC) per-kW solar fee, 20-year Phase One NEM 1:1 rollover credits, and the $5,000 NY State Income Tax Credit.

Peak Import Rate:$0.32 – $0.41 / kWh (NYC / Westchester Supply + Delivery)

Midday Export Credit:$0.32 – $0.38 / kWh (1:1 kWh Bank minus monthly per-kW CBC fee)

Battery Necessity: 80% Recommended (NYSERDA BatRate Matrix →

IL • Commonwealth Edison (ComEd) & Ameren IllinoisTime-Varying

ComEd & Ameren Illinois Post-2025 Net Metering (Supply-Only) & SREC Guide

On January 1, 2025, Illinois ended full retail 1:1 net metering for new ComEd and Ameren customers—cutting exported kWh credits to Supply-Only (~8¢/kWh) while creating $300/kW Smart Inverter + $300/kWh Battery Storage upfront rebates alongside Illinois Shines SRECs.

Peak Import Rate:$0.16 – $0.19 / kWh (Supply + Delivery + Taxes)

Midday Export Credit:$0.075 – $0.092 / kWh (Supply-Only Credit; Delivery portion no longer netted 1:1)

Battery Necessity: 87% Mandatory (Post-Jan 1, 2Rate Matrix →

CO • Xcel Energy (Public Service Company of Colorado)Time-Varying

Xcel Energy Colorado Residential TOU Net Metering & Continuous Rollover Guide

Xcel Energy Colorado meters solar in three Time-of-Use buckets: Off-Peak (before 1 PM at ~10¢), Mid-Peak (1 PM–3 PM at ~16¢), and On-Peak (3 PM–7 PM at ~28¢). Learn how West-tilted panels and Xcel’s Renewable Battery Connect ($500/kW rebate) maximize Colorado ROI.

Peak Import Rate:$0.21 – $0.28 / kWh (Summer On-Peak 3 PM – 7 PM Weekdays)

Midday Export Credit:$0.10 – $0.16 / kWh (Credited by TOU Bucket: Off-Peak vs Mid-Peak vs On-Peak)

Battery Necessity: 84% Recommended (Shifts 10¢ Rate Matrix →

NV • NV Energy (Sierra Pacific Power & Nevada Power)Time-Varying

NV Energy (Nevada) AB 405 Tier 4 (75% Net Metering) & Optional TOU Guide

Under Nevada AB 405 Tier 4, NV Energy credits monthly net excess exports at 75% of the retail rate—and calculates exports vs imports inside separate 15-minute / monthly buckets. Here is how Las Vegas and Reno homeowners keep 100% value.

Peak Import Rate:$0.15 – $0.17 / kWh (Flat) or $0.42 – $0.51 / kWh (Summer TOU Peak 6 PM – 9 PM)

Midday Export Credit:75% of Applicable Retail Rate (~$0.11 / kWh Flat or ~$0.075 TOU Off-Peak)

Battery Necessity: 83% Recommended (Captures 10Rate Matrix →

HI • Hawaiian Electric (HECO, MECO, HELCO — Oahu, Maui, Big Island)Avoided Cost

Hawaiian Electric (HECO) Smart DER Tariff & BYOD Battery Bonus Guide

With Hawaii’s electric rates averaging 42¢–54¢/kWh and daytime grids saturated with solar, virtually 99% of new HECO installations pair solar with 14kWh–30kWh of LFP storage under the Smart DER tariff and BYOD battery cash bonus.

Peak Import Rate:$0.44 – $0.56 / kWh (Evening Peak 5 PM – 9 PM)

Midday Export Credit:$0.15 – $0.19 / kWh (Daytime Export) or Non-Export Self-Supply

Battery Necessity: 99% Mandatory (Grid-export wRate Matrix →